Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology has emerged as a innovative solution for wastewater treatment due to its superior performance in removing organic matter, nutrients, and suspended solids. Recent advances in MBR design and operation have resulted significant improvements in process efficiency, reliability, and sustainability. These innovations i

The effectiveness of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane bioreactors in treating industrial wastewater has been a subject of comprehensive research. These systems offer strengths such as high removal rates for organic matter, compact footprint, and reduced energy usage. This article provides an analysis of recent studies that have evaluated the